Aliphatic mono esters of 2, 2&#39;, 4-trihydroxy-4&#39;-alkoxybenzophenone



United States Patent 3,211,767 ALIPHATIC MONO ESTERS 0F 2,2',4-TRll-IY- DROXY-4-ALKOXYBENZOPHENONE Albert F. Strobe], Delmar, and Sigmund C. Catino, Castleton, N.Y., assignors to General Aniline & Film Corporation, New York, N.Y.,a corporation of Delaware No Drawing. Filed Sept. 28, 1961, Ser. No. 141,282 6 Claims. '(Cl. 260-4105) This invention relates to a new and novel class of aliphatic monoesters of 2,2,4-trihydroxy-4-alkoxybenzophenones having excellent ultraviolet absorbing properties and good solubility characteristics in organic solvents, drying oil compositions and plastics containing the same resin systems, and in polyalkylenes.

It is known that various mono-, di-, triand tetrahydroxybenzophenone compounds have been utilized as ultraviolet absorbing compounds and applied to various organic substances which tend to deteriorate by the absorption of ultraviolet light. It is also know that 2,2, 4 trihydroxy-4'-alkoxybenzophenones are compatible with various types of substantially colorless film forming plastics, resins, gums, waxes and the like to yield ultraviolet absorbing compositions. The difiiculty with the latter benzophenones is that although the solubility in the film forming plastics, resins, etc., may be initially satisfactory, they have the tendency to crystallize or bloom out of these materials within a short period of time. In substantially colorless film forming plastics such as polyvinyl chloride, the latter benzophenones have the tendency to yellow the polymeric film within a very short period of time.

We have discovered that when the hydroxy group in the 4-position of a 2,2,4-trihydroxy-4'-alkoxybenzophenone is esterified with an aliphatic monocarboxylic acid chloride of from 10 to 26 carbon atoms, an aliphatic monoester is produced which is not only compatible with various film forming plastics and resins employing organic solvent media, but also soluble in many organic solvents, drying oils and compositions thereof and readily dispersable in aqueous dye solutions for dyeing synthetic fibers.

These aliphatic monoesters are characterized by the following general formula:

OH HO wherein R represents an alkyl radical of from 1 to 4 carbon atoms and R represents an aliphatic radical of from 10 to 26 carbon atoms. The aliphatic radical may be saturated, branched by alkyl groups, unsaturated, i.e., olefinic or acetylenic, and may contain halogen atoms such as chlorine or bromine.

The foregoing aliphatic monoesters are readily prepared by esterifying 1 mole of a 2,2,4-trihydroxy-4-alkoxybenzophenone in the presence of dry picoline with 1 mole of an acid chloride of from 10 to 26 carbon atoms added dropwise while maintaining a temperature below 60 C. When the esterification reaction is complete, usually within 1 hour or 1 /2 hours, it is drowned with water at a temperature of 10 to C. and made acid with any conventional mineral acid, the aqueous layers decanted at about 5 C. and the remaining oil reslurried in water and the pH adjusted to Congo acidity with bydrochloric acid. The resulting oil is then dissolved in benzene, Nuchared and filtered. The benzene is evaporated and the resulting material reslurried in a high boiling petroleum ether, filtered free of insoluble residue and the filtrate evaporated to dryness.

OCOR' 3,211,767 Patented Oct. 12, 1965 "Ice The 2,2,4-trihydroxy-4'-alkoxybenzophenones utilized in the foregoing esterificaton reaction are those disclosed in the Wynn and Hoch Patent 2,686,812 and incorporated herein by reference thereto.

As previously noted, any saturated or unsaturated monocarboxylic acid chloride may be employed in the esterification reaction. For the purpose of the present invention the use of the chlorides of the following monocarboxylic acids give esters which possess the desirable solubility and compatability characteristics:

capric nonadecylic n-methylnonylic arachidic isoamylisopropylacetic tetracosanic undecylic acid d-citronellic lauric oleic licoric t-undecylenic diisoamylacetic elaidic tridecylic erucic myristic brassidic pentadecylic stearolic palinitic linolic margaric behenolic stearic The following examples will illustrate the preparation of the foregoing esters and their application to plastics, fabrics and drying oil compositions:

Example 1 O H H O CW WOOCOM.

2,2 -dihydroxy-4-stearoyloxy-4 -methoxybenzophenone Into a 500 ml. flask, fitted with stirrer, reflux condenser, dropping funnel and heating mantle is charged 52.8 grams of 2,2',4 trihydroxy 4' methoxybenzophenone and 170 grams of dry picoline. At room tem perature is added dropwise 49.5 grams of stearoyl chloride (0.163 mol.), keeping the temperature below 60 C. The material is held at 60 C. for one hour and then drowned into 500 ml. of water at 10-15 C. and made acid to Congo paper with 102 ml. of 38% hydrochloric acid. The Water layer is decanted at 5 C. The oil is reslurried in 500 ml. of water, and the pH adjusted to Congo acidity with hydrochloric acid. The oil is dissolved in 350 ml. of benzene, Nuchared and filtered. The benzene is evaporated. The material is reslurried in 1 liter of high boiling petroleum ether, filtered free of insoluble residue and the filtrate evaporated to dryness to yield the ultraviolet absorbing compound.

The foregoing ester, as well as those prepared by the following examples, are unusually applicable to polyalkylehe plastics such as, for example, polyethylene, polypropylene, and polybutylene. The amount of ester that may be employed in these polyalkylene plastics may range from 0.1% to 2% by weight of the plastic.

Application of the foregoing ester in polyethylene was carried out as follows: 99.75 parts by weight of polyethylene pellets and 0.25% by weight of the above absorbing compound were mixed on 2-.roller mill at 140 C. for ten passes. The uniform mixture was then removed and pressed out into a disc on a Carver press heated to C. Fadeometer exposure of the polyethylene containing this compound was made vs. a polyethylene sample without the ultraviolet absorber. After 500 hours the sample free from absorber develops a relatively higher percentage of carbonyl content (by infrared absorption) than the sample which contains the absorber. This increase in carbonyl content as measured by infrared is a means of measuring the degradation of the plastic by ultraviolet light.

3 4 Example 2 Example 7 OH H The product of Example 1 was applied to nylon colored I with Cellit-on Blue FFRN (C.I. 61505) in the following CH30CO 0COOn z: manner:

0.25 gram of Celliton Blue FFRN were dissolved in 22"dihydmy4'1wwy]Y4"metmxybenmphemne 100 cc. of water and 0.25 gram of the compound of This compound was prepared in the same manner Example 1 was added to the aqueous solution to form a as the compound of Example 1 with the exception that dispersion thereof. A g. piece of nylon fabric was the stearoyl chloride was replaced by 37 grams of lauroyl dyed with the resulting dye preparation at 170 F. for chloride. 10 one hour with agitation. The cloth was removed, rinsed The product, when incorporated in polyethylene in and dried. After twenty hours exposure in a standard the manner of Example 1, resulted in a polyethylene film fadeometer, the fabric which was dyed in the presence of which was considerably more stable with an untreated the ultraviolet agent showed better light fastness than a film used as a control. 1 similar dyeing made without the ultraviolet agent.

0 Example 3 Example 8 OH HO The product of Example 1 was applied to Dacron in z the following manner: GU30 O @OCMCHZLCTC 0.25 gram of Genacryl Blue 6G (CI. 42025) were dis- 2,2-dihydroXy-4-Stear0lyloxy4-methoxybenzophe o solved in 100 cc. of water and 0.25 gram of the compound Example 1 was repeated with the exception that 49.5 of Examph? 1 were dlspersed m the.aqueous dye Solution grams of stearolyl chloride were replaced by 49 grams A 5 of D aqron was gg g of stearoyl ch10ride resu t1ng ye preparation or one our at l 0 after which the cloth was removed, rinsed, and dried. After twenty hours exposure in a standard fadeometer, the fastness of this dyeing was noticeably better than a similar dyeing made without the ultraviolet agent.

The resulting product, when incorporated in polyethylene in the manner of Example 1, gave a polyethylene film which was considerably more stable than the nontreated film used as a control.

Example 4 Example 9 OH HO The product of Example 1 was applied to a soya beanl alkyd paint in the following manner: mum-QC O--OCO 017E135 1.0 g. of the compound of Example 1 was added to 100 g. of a commercial brand of soya bean-alkyd paint and y yyfl y ye p e mixed until homogeneous. The paint was applied to a Example 1 was repeated with the exception that 52.8 clay-cqated P p With a Bird film applicator and the grams of 2,2',4 trihydroxy 4' methoxybenzopheno film dried at 70 C. Exposure of this film in afadeometer were replaced by 44 grams of 4 trihydroxy resulted in a film which had more gloss retention and ethoxybenzophenone. better light fastness than in the case of a film prepared The final product, when incorporated in polyethylene in similar matmer Without the ultraviolet agentin the manner of Example 1, gave a film which was more The foregoing example clearly illustrates the unusual considerably stable than an untreated film employed as 3 12 lg g f i t f esters Prepared accordance Wlth a control sen in en 1011.

Example 5 Example 10 OH HO CH3 i l orrooo--oc0(0119701101orrouorm oni CH3 2,2-dihydroxy-4-is0propyloxy-4-(dlchloro-stearoyloxybenzophenone) Example 1 was again relpeated with the exclsption that The product of Example 1 was applied to a polyvinyl 52.8 grams of 2,2',4 tri ydroxy 4' met oxybenzochloride plastic in the following manner: phenone were replaced by 47 grams of 2,2,4-trihydroxy- A polyvinyl chloride formulation was prepared con- 4-isopropylbenzophenone and the 49.5 grams of stearoyl sisting of 100 parts of Monsantos Opalon 300 (PVC), chloride were replaced by 61 grams of dichloro-oleyoyl 25 parts of Santicizer 160 (a commercially available plaschloride. ticizer) and 25 parts of dioctyl phthalate.

The final product, when incorporated in polyethylene 1 part of the absorber of Example 1 was incorporated in the manner of Example 1, gave a film which was in 100 parts of the polyvinyl chloride formulation by more considerably stable than an untreated film employed milling. This ester gave less yellow color to the formuas a control. lation than when an equal amount of 2,2'-dihydroxy-4,4'-

Example 6 dimethoxybenzophenone was employed. The agent also OH HO onto-O0 o-Qo c o (cHmo 0 (CHZ)4(OH=CH)Q(CHZ);CH;,

2,2-dihydroxy-4-lic0rooxy-4-methoxybenzophenone Example 1 was again repeated with the exception that imparted a high degree of stability to the plastic when 49.5 grams of stearoyl chloride were replaced by 51 grams exposed 300 hours in a fadeometer in contrast to a similar of licoric acid chloride. plastic without the ultraviolet agent.

Incorporation of the product in polypropylene is car- E l 11 ried out in the manner of Example 1, except that 0.5% xamp e of the compound is employed. The resulting film is con- This example will show the utility of the esters of the siderably more stable than a corresponding untreated present invention in a solvent-resin system, i.e., spar film. varnish.

1.0 part of the compound of Example 1 is added to 100 parts of a commercially available spar varnish and mixed to homogeneity. The varnish is applied to a claycoated paper and dried. Exposure in a fadeometer results in a film which has more gloss than a similar coating Without the ultraviolet agent.

Example 12 A polyester resin is prepared by coreact'ing 3 unols of phthalic anhydride, 3 mols of fumaric acid and 6.6 mols of propylene glycol. When esterification is substantially complete, as indicated by an acid number of about 30-40, styrene is added in a sufficient amount to equal /2 of the polyester resin present. 0.02% based on the total weight, of di-tert. butylhydroquinone is added.

To 200 parts of this resin mixture is added 2 parts of lauryl mercaptan as a solution in styrene, 2 parts of methyl ethyl ketone peroxide and 1 part by weight of the compound of Example 1. This is poured into a suitable mold and cured in an oven by gradually heating to 250 F. and holding for 3 hours.

On exposure in a fadeomet-er for 300 hours, this sample showed less deterioration and discoloration than a similar sample made excluding the ultraviolet absorber.

We claim:

1. An aliphatic monoester of 2,2',4-trihydroxy-4- alkoxybenzophenones having the following formula:

OH HO 0 I wherein R represents an alkyl radical of from 1 to 4 carbon atoms and R represents an aliphatic radical of from 10 to 26 carbon atoms.

2. An aliphatic monoester of 2,2',4-trihydroxy-4'- alkoxybenzophenone having the following formula:

OH I10 2,2-dihydroxy-4-stearoyloxy-4'-methoxybenzophenone 2,2 (1ihydroxy-4-lauroy1oxy-4 -meth0xybenzophenone 4. An aliphatic monoester of 2,2,4-trihydroxy-4- alkoxybenzophenone having the following formula:

OIiI HO 2,2'-dihydr0xy-4-stearo1y1oxy-4'-methoxybenzophenone 5. An aliphatic monoester of 2,2,4-trihydroxy-4'- alkoxybenzophenone having the following formula:

OH HO 1 l (limo-O0 0- oo 0 01 m,

2,2-dihydroxy-4-eth0xy-4-stearoy1oxybenzophenone 6. An aliphatic monoester of 2,2,4-trihydroxy-4- alkoxybenzophenone having the following formula:

2,2-dihydr0xy-4-is0pr0py10xy-4- (dichlorostearoyloxybenzophenone -OCO (CHghCEC-CEHH References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,682,559 6/54 Stanley et a1. 26045.85 2,686,812 8/54 Wynn et a1. 260591 2,980,647 4/61 Lappin 26045.85 3,017,238 1/62 Levine et al 2603l.2 3,017,383 1/62 Lappin 26045.85 3,080,340 3/63 Havens et al 260--45.85 13,120,564 2/64 Milion-is et al 260562 CHARLES B. PARKER, Primary Examiner.

ALPHONSON D. SULLIVAN, LEON J. BERCOVITZ,

Examiners. 

1. AN ALIPHATIC MONOESTER OF 2,2'',4-TRIHYDROXY-4''ALKOXYBENZOPHENONES HAVING THE FOLLOWLING FORMULA: 